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''Pupilla loessica'' is a species of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Pupillidae. ''Pupilla loessica'' is a significant glacial index species for the Pleistocene in Central and Eastern Europe and also in parts of NorthWestern Europe.〔 It lives as extant species in Central Asia.〔 == Distribution == ''Pupilla loessica'' was first described by Czech biologist Vojen Ložek (1954) from late Pleistocene loess from Předmostí near Přerov (Moravia, Czech Republic).〔 For the Pleistocene in Central and Eastern Europe and also in parts of NorthWestern Europe, ''Pupilla loessica'' constitutes a significant glacial index species.〔 Individual specimens had been found since the early Pleistocene.〔 It was widespread above all in the middle Pleistocene and late Pleistocene.〔 Fossil distribution of ''Pupilla loessica'' include: * central Europe in Pleistocene.〔 Found in loess sediments.〔 At an early date (1986), Ložek supported the view that ''Pupilla loessica'' was alive at the present time in Central Asia.〔 Recent distribution of ''Pupilla loessica'' include: * Altai Mountains, Russia〔〔Horsák M., Chytrý M., Pokryszko B. M., Danihelka J., Ermakov N., Hájek M., Hájková P., Kintrová K., Kočí M., Kubešová S., Lustyk P., Otýpková Z., Pelánková B. & Valachovič M. (2010). "Habitats of relict terrestrial snails in southern Siberia: lessons for the reconstruction of palaeoenvironments of full-glacial Europe". ''Journal of Biogeography'' 37(8): 1450-1462. .〕 * Northern Mongolia (1670 m a.s.l.)〔 * Baikal region (to the west of the Baikal Lake, 560 m a.s.l.), Russia〔 * Tien Shan (3000 m a.s.l.), Kyrgyzstan〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pupilla loessica」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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